A 2  month old male German shepherd dog was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Small Animal Surgery Unit of Madras Veterinary College, Chennai with the history of persistent regurgitation for 15 days. Plain and positive contrast radiographic evaluation revealed the dilated oesophagus cranial to the heart and tracheal deviation with constriction at the base of the heart. Surgical correction through resection of persistent ligamentum arteriosum around the oesophagus under general anaesthetic procedure. Post operative plain and contrast radiographic procedure revealed no evidence of barium stasis in the course of oesophagus and complete resolution of regurgitation. Recovery was good and normal feeding habit noticed 14th post operative day.

The prevalence of haemoparasites in dogs in different regions of Andhra Pradesh was presented in this study. The overall prevalence of haemoparasitic infection was 35.0 and 48.23 per cent in Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra regions, respectively. Statistically, there was no significant (P>0.05) relationship between the region and prevalence of haemoparasites in dogs. Infection with single haemoparasite and co-infection with more than one haemoparasites was non-significantly higher (32.62% and 15.60%, respectively) in dogs of Coastal Andhra than in Rayalaseema region (27.50% and 7.50%, respectively). The prevalence of Babesia spp., Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis was non-significantly (P>0.05) high in Coastal Andhra than in Rayalaseema region. Among three species identified Babesia spp. were the most prevalent species in dogs in two regions. Co-infection with Babesia spp. and E. canis (10.06%; P>0.05) was more frequently observed in dogs in Coastal Andhra region than in dogs of Rayalaseema region (6.25 %). 

An experiment (97 days) was conducted to investigate the dietary lauric acid (LA) supplementation on performance, digestibility and faecal microflora counts in Large White Yorkshire cross piglets. A basal diet was (BD) prepared as a negative control without supplementation and a positive control with an antibiotic (chlortetracycline at 0.05%) supplementation (BDA). Another two diets were prepared by supplementing LA at 0.2 and 0.4% levels to the basal diet. Dietary inclusion of LA or antibiotic significantly (P<0.01) improved the body weight and feed efficiency and recorded highest (P<0.01) body weights with 0.4% LA, while lowest (P<0.01) weight gain with control group. Significantly higher FCR (P<0.01) was observed in LA fed animals and the lowest (P<0.01) was recorded in the BD and BDA groups. The improved (P<0.05) digestibility of organic matter, crude fiber, ether extract and nitrogen free extract was observed with 0.4% LA. The faecal total bacterial count and E.coli count were lowered (P<0.01) with LA supplementation, while highest count was observed in control group. Hence, it was concluded that, supplementation of LA at 0.2 to 0.4 % in the diets of LWY piglets showed increased weight gain, feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility by reducing faecal microflora count in LWY piglets.

The study designed to assess the normal reproductive tract involution in postpartum crossbred Jersey cows. Pluriparous crossbred Jersey cows (n = 10) which had recently calved were subjected to ultrasonographic assessment for postpartum involution once in two days till complete involution. The results showed that the involution time required for the vagina and cervix was 23 and 29 days respectively. The Mean ± SE of vaginal and cervical involution (cm) varied from 2.15±0.07 to 1.12±0.07 and 3.76±0.10 to 1.74±0.09 respectively. The uterine involution (cm) of gravid and non-gravid horn diverge from 4.27±0.12 and 3.47±0.14 to 1.89±0.13 and 1.67±0.14 respectively from day 4 to 23. The present findings document the reference value and period of reproductive tract postpartum involution in crossbred Jersey cows.   

 Open fontanelle is a soft spot located on top of the head in a newborn due to incomplete fusion of the cranial bones. They are the normal structure in young puppies, especially in small breeds and get hardened by 9-12 weeks of age following fusion of growth plates in the skull. The aim of our study was to describe the presence, diagnosis and management of open fontanelle. A puppy was presented with the history of swelling over the frontal region, intermittent seizures for the past two weeks. Clinical examination revealed a swelling over the mid-frontal region of head. Radiographic examination of skull revealed hydrocephalus with open fontanelle.

A female Ongole calf aged one year and nine months was found to have nodular development around the left eye and neck region. Clinical examination revealed that the calf had cutaneous papilloma (wart), which was treated with autohemotherapy, ivermectin and levamisole injections along with placement of a ligature around wart's base. On the third day of treatment, a large papilloma on the left lower eyelid dried up and sloughed off. On the tenth day of therapy, the warts on the upper eyelid and neck began to dry and flake off, leaving behind barely visible scars at the original growth sites. The animal underwent an uncomplicated recovery and completely recovered from the ailment.

A study was conducted to assess the cost economics of brewery waste in twenty four Jersey crossbred dairy cattle for one year with three treatments viz., control (T0), brewery waste (T1) and balanced ration (T2) in farmer’s field conditions with eight animals in each group. The control, brewery and balanced ration animals were fed as per traditional and standard feeding practices. Statistical analysis revealed a significant (P<0.01) increase in the cost of concentrates (Rs. 15401.59/-) and total feed cost (Rs. 33278.93/-) for brewery waste fed dairy cattle than control animals. Also significant (P<0.05) increase in average gain of milk yield (0.73 Kgs /animal/day) was noticed for brewery waste fed animals than control. It is imperative to note that the total returns (Rs. 54653.18/-) were significantly (P<0.05) higher for brewery waste treated than control (Rs. 45393.15/-) animals. No significant (P>0.05) difference was evident in lactation days, cost and net returns per Kg of milk production using brewery waste. It can be concluded that farmers can utilize brewery waste to increase milk yield and total returns for augmenting income generation.

The present study was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin C and nano vitamin C on the serum biochemical profile of Japanese quail during the summer season. The experiment was carried out on 96 day-old Japanese quail chicks which were divided randomly into three treatment groups. Each treatment contained two replicates with sixteen birds per replicate. The experiment was carried out for a period of six weeks during the summer season in May and June. Feed and water were provided ad libitum to study the effect of the inclusion of vitamin C (200 mg/kg) and nano vitamin C (20 mg/kg) on serum biochemical profile of Japanese quail during the summer season. The study revealed that the mean serum levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, HDL cholesterol and SGPT/ALT increased significantly (P<0.01); whereas, serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly (P<0.01) in treatment groups supplemented with nano vitamin C. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in serum SGOT/AST among treatment groups.

Babesiosisis a tick borne hemoprotozoan disease of canines and anaemia is the predominant clinical syndrome. This disease causes considerable morbidity and mortality in canines. Several factors such as leukocyte activation, vascular endothelial cell injury and release of chemical mediators lead to multi-organ failure and coagulation abnormality in complicated form of babesiosis. The assessment of these biomarkers is used as indicators of severity of disease and outcome in dogs with MODS in babesiosis. Successful treatment of babesiosis is challenging task and no drugs have been demonstrated to clear B. gibsoni (Asian genotype) infection. Newer successful treatment has shown encouraging response in cure of B. gibsoni infection which includes combination of clindamycin, metronidazole and doxycycline.

The present study was conducted to assess the efficacy of two oestrus induction protocols on 30 postpartum anoestrus crossbred cows reared by rural farmers of Puducherry region. The cows were randomly divided into Treatment I (CIDR+PGF2α+GnRH; n=15) and Treatment group II (Ovsynch+ CIDR; n=15) with double fixed timed inseminations at 12 and 24 hours post-administration of last GnRH. Oestrus induction response was 100% in both the treatment groups with majority of the cows (80%) in both the treatment groups showed intermediate intensity of oestrus. The mean time to onset of oestrus from the time of removal of CIDR in Treatment I and Treatment II was 43.45 ± 9.21 and 45.81 ± 6.34 h respectively. There is no significant difference in the serum progesterone concentration at the time of AI between Treatment I (0.92±0.26 ng/mL) and Treatment II (0.92±0.18 ng/mL). Though the conception rate was higher in treatment II (40 %) compared to Treatment I (20 %), the difference is not statistically significant. From the present study, it was concluded that Ovsynch in combination with CIDR found to be effective in oestrus induction and conception following fixed timed AI in anoestrus cows under field conditions.