This paper was for Groundwater (GW) quality for drinking by gold-standard (GS) athigh-altitude (HA) area, Taif, KSA "VISION 2030 G", GW samples contained turbidity,resulted high in samples (6 and 10); (0.03 and 0.018). Public health (PH) were had declinedwithin GS. Electric conductivity (EC) were within the optimum value, total dissolved salts(TDS) were had lowest value. Total hardness (TH) were of more than (300–500) mg L−1,Chloride (Cl−) ranged from (18-1759) mg L−1 with 30% and 70% samples. Sulfate (SO42−)ranged from (33-2245) mg L−1 with 90% falling above GS, Nitrates (NO3−) ranged from (0–60) mg L−1 with 80% falling below GS. Bacterial types revealed both Gram-positive andnegative were not in samples (1, 2, 6 and 7), both Gram-positive and negative were presentin samples (5, 8 and 9). The arrangement of colony count were in samples (9, 1, 8, 6, 7 and5), that was ranged the colony from (550-15) / mL. The common bacteria were isolatedincluded Staphylococcus Species (Staph. Spp.), Micrococcus Spp, Escherichia coli (E. coli)and Klebsiella Spp. The conclusion were discharged from the results, that did not agree withGS to the community use. The most examined GW samples for drinking water (DW) did notagree with GS, bacterial quality did not accepted from GS, will affect PH. Therecommendation were directed to "MOH", to follow up GW for DW through GS at HAarea, so could using for human as DW without any harm and did'not affect PH.

Concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cadmium, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Iron, Copper, and Manganese) in five canned fish samples found in the local market Basrah city, Iraq were determined after digestion according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemists methods. Concentrations of metals were measured using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results showed that the range obtained for the elements analyzed in mg/kg (dry weight) were as follows, Cd (0.0027 - 0.0078), Pb (0.0048 - 0.0093), Zn (0.0103 - 0.0205), Ni (0.0122 - 0.0128), Fe (0.0149 - 0.0237), Cu (0.0008 - 0.0034) and Mn (0.0014 - 0.0037). The results indicated that canned fish samples in this study have concentrations well below the permissible FAO/WHO levels for these toxic metals.

A simple, accurate and rapid spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of mebendazole in pure, pharmaceutical formulations and camel urine. The method is based on the reaction of mebendazole with1-fluoro 2, 4-dinitrobenzene to produce orange-yellow colored complex having maximum absorption at 494 nm. Beeˈs law was obeyed over the concentration range of 20-280μg/ml, with molar absorptivity of 3.32x104 l/mol.cm. The present method is considered to be simple because it does not need heating, hydrolysis, and solvent extraction steps. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of mebendazole in pure, pharmaceutical formulations and in camel urine.

A simple, accurate, and rapid visible spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in pure, pharmaceutical preparations and environmental water samples. The method is based on the oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride by sodium hypochlorite in alkaline medium to form a red colored product with an absorption maximum at 400 nm.  Beer’s Law was obeyed in the range of 2-24 µg/ml with molar absorptivity of 1.346×104 L.mol.-1.cm-1.  The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 2% and accuracy (average recovery ) was  100 ± 0.85 %. The optimum conditions for all color development are described and the proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations, chicken meat, and wastewater samples.

     In the current study, 16 rabbits was divided into two groups.  Animals of Group I (untreated control) were maintained without any treatment. Group 2 animals (treated group), the gentamicin were injected in thigh muscle /I.M. at 25 mg/kg body weight twice a day (morning and evening) for two months. During the experimental period anorexia, emaciation, and death some animals were seen. Histopathological examination showed that there was proliferated of cortical renal tubules cells and degeneration with necrosis of some them as well as congestion of sinusoid in liver and proliferation of bile duct. There was also vacuolated and congestion of myocardial tissue.  In conclusion, the administration of gentamycin for a long time could serve as a source of harm to animal organs such as kidney, liver, bile duct, and heart

A study using 300 one-day-old Ross-308 broilers was conducted to assess the effects of dried ginger root powder (Zingiber officinale) addition at percentages (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6) % in the treatments T1, T2 and T3 respectively on growth performance, immune status and small intestine morphology of broiler chickens at different ages. Compare with the control group (T0) without adding ginger powder.     The broiler body weight, body weight gain, viability, production index, and economic profit impacted with addition of ginger powder significantly (P≤0.05) increase in T3 at ages (1-21 d) and (36-42). As well as feed conversion ratio (FCR) particularly improved. In addition the morphological of small intestine goblet cells number in (duodenum , jejunum, and ileum), immunological delayed type of hypersensitivity DTH and ELISA titer against Newcastle(ND), Gumboro (IBD) and Infectious bronchitis (IB) diseases of broiler chickens were significantly higher (P≤0.05) at the ages 21, 35 and 42 d. While mortality and H/L ratio were significantly lower in the treatments of ginger supplementation especially in T3 compare with the control group without ginger addition.

           This study was carried out to investigate the effects of  Hexane extracts of Ricinus (Seed & leaves ) and Black Pepper on Chrysomya albiceps larvae . The result showed that the Ricinus leaves Hexane extract had 100% mortality in all stage Larvae at 0.1&0.5mg\ml and 96.666 mortality in larvae at 1.0mg\ml of the same extract (Table 2). Black pepper Hexane extracts Result showed that 1.0mg\ml had mean mortality 86.666 in larvae (Table 3). Ricinus seed Hexane extract showed 83.333 mean mortality rate at 1.0 mg\ml (Table 1 ).Many concentration were prepared (0.1,0.5,1.0 )mg\ml for each plants extracts in our investigation .Chemicals plants compounds were mage red (Alkaloids, Phenols, Tannins, Resins, and  Oils ). The result showed that’s used of natural plants production had better than the chemicals insecticides which it studied in another time before this our investigation.       

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of red laser irradiation on testicular and epididymis tissue. Twenty rabbits, male mature were used in the present study. The animals were divided into four groups. First group as control and second, third and fourth groups exposed to red laser irradiation 5 min, 15 min, 30 min respectively. The histological sample was taken after necropsy method of all experimental animals for preparation slide processes to examine under a light microscope. The result of the experiment showed histological changes induced by exposure the animals to red laser (650nm-10w) which present as versus changes and these pathological changes are directly fit with period of exposure which appears as degeneration, oedematous, hyperemia and necrosis into testicular and epididymis.         

         Taldalafil is a long acting phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor  widely used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. The abuse of tadalafil, which is a worldwide problem, is associated with many side effects. Sylimarin considered as a herbal drug, its active constituents  are silybin, isosilybin, silydianin and silychristin. A controversy exist with regard to the effects of tadalafil and silymarin on gonadal function in animal species. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of tadalafil and/or sylimarin on gonadal function adult male rates. Twenty four male rats are  used in the study, they divided into 4 groups (n=6) and gavaged daily for 1 month as follows; 1-control(0.5ml distilled water), 2-tadalafil (10mg tadalafil/kg ), 3-silymarin (100 mg silymarin/ kg) and 4-tadalafil + silymarin ( 10 mg tadalafil and 100 silymarin mg/ kg). Tadalafil significantly increases serum testosterone and decreases LH and FSH, it adversely affect the process of spermatogenesis (sperm count and percentage of motile, dead, and abnormal sperms). While, silymarin significantly increases serum testosterone, LH and FSH and improve spermatogenesis. Serum testosterone remains significantly higher in tadalafil+silymarin group compared with control group, while FSH and LH and parameters of spermatogenesis became insignificantly different from those in control group.     

Application of synthetic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) inhibitors, such as doxycycline is one of the possible therapeutic options for osteoarthritis. However, little is known about the protective mechanism of doxycycline in equine models on MMPs inhibitors as well as on serum amyloid A (SAA) gene expression. This study investigated the effects of doxycycline on mRNA expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-13, and SAA of equine fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). The FLSs were established from synovial fluids of clinically normal metacarpophalangeal joints of 6 skeletally mature horses. The cells were treated with either 10 or 100 μg/mL of doxycycline for 48 h. The mRNA expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-13, and SAA were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Treatment with doxycycline resulted in significantly decreased mRNA expression of MMP-1 in FLSs at both concentrations (P = 0.001). No significant differences were detected among groups for MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-13 (P > 0.05). Only a tendency towards a decrease in mRNA expression level of SAA in the presence of doxycycline could be detected. Doxycycline inhibits MMP-1 gene expression at the transcript level. These findings indicate that doxycycline can protect the articular environment through inhibition of MMP-1 at transcript level.