Effect of types of stabilizers and fat percentages on the physicochemical characteristics of a yogurt | Efecto de tipos de estabilizantes y porcentajes de grasa en las características fisicoquímicas de un yogur

English. In the present investigation, the physicochemical characteristics of a yogurt made with 3 levels of fat, using two types of stabilizer, were evaluated. A 2x3 bifactorial completely randomized design (DCA) was used. Factor A: Types of stabilizers, 2 g / L of CC-729 and 30 g / L of Inulin; Factor B: 1%, 2.5% and 4% fat milk, which originated six treatments; In addition, a control was included (whole milk + unflavored gelatin), three repetitions were carried out, resulting in 21 experimental units of 1000g. The physicochemical variables such as syneresis, viscosity, pH, acidity and ° Brix, were evaluated by means of an analysis of variance compared to the control by means of Dunnett's test of significance, resulting in factor A incidence on all the pH variables with 4 .07 and acidity with 0.837%, a dynamic viscosity of 10.398 Pa.s, ºBrix of 16.37 and Inulin (30g / L) presented better results in obtaining a lower percentage of syneresis with an average of 2.42%, contrasting with factor B, which did not present significant differences on any variable.

Spanish; Castilian. En la presente investigación se evaluó las características fisicoquímicas de un yogur elaborado con 3 niveles de grasa, usando dos tipos de estabilizante. Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar (DCA) bifactorial en 2x3. Factor A: Tipos de estabilizantes, 2 g/L de CC-729 y 30 g/L de Inulina; Factor B: Leche al 1%, 2,5% y 4% de grasa, que originaron seis tratamientos; además, se incluyó un testigo (Leche entera + gelatina sin sabor), se realizaron tres repeticiones resultando 21 unidades experimentales de 1000g. Las variables fisicoquímicas  como sinéresis, viscosidad, pH, acidez y °Brix, fueron evaluados mediante un análisis de varianza en comparación al testigo mediante la prueba de significancia de Dunnett, dando como resultado en el factor A incidencia sobre todas las variables de pH con 4,07 y la acidez con 0,837%, una viscosidad dinámica de 10,398 Pa.s, los ºBrix de 16,37 y la Inulina (30g/L) presentó mejores resultados en obtener menor porcentaje de sinéresis con un promedio de 2,42%, contrastando con el factor B que no presentó diferencias significativas sobre ninguna variable.