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Estimation of food intake of sheep grazing green pasture when no free water is available.
1975
Benjamin R.W. | Degen A.A. | Breighet A. | Chen M. | Tadmor N.H.
Irrigation water policy in relation to the achievement of self-sufficiency in Malaysian food production
1975
Taylor, D.C. | Radzwan bin Abdul Rahman | Siow, K.F.
Destruction of ascorbic acid [in the food] as a function of water activity [during storage].
1975
Lee S.H. | Labuza T.P.
Indices of water content in gaseous systems, their measurement, and relationship to each other [Microbial growth in food].
1975
Fisher D.A. | Jacobson R.L. | Pflug I.J.
[Basic problems of producing healthy food, 1: Influence of cultivation on the quality of ground and drinking water resources]
1975
Schmid, G. | Weigelt, H. | Borchert, H. | Reiner, L. (Bayerische Landesanstalt fuer Bodenkultur, Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenschutz, Muenchen (Germany, F.R.) | Technische Univ. Muenchen, Weihenstephan (Germany, F.R.). Inst. fuer Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzuechtung)
Excess nitrate and nitrite in food [vegetable, feed and forage crops] and agriculture [ground water] as potential health hazard.
1975
Palis R.K.
Effect of Long Term Land Disposal by Spray Irrigation of Food Processing Wastes on Some Chemical Properties of the Soil and Subsurface Water Full text
1975
Adriano, D. C. | Novak, L. T. | Erickson, A. E. | Wolcott, A. R. | Ellis, B. G.
Food processing waste waters at two irrigated land disposal sites and subsurface waters (perched and ground waters) were monitored at daily to monthly intervals over one annual cycle of production. Soil profiles were sampled to depths up to 6.6 m in the early fall. Yearly inputs were calculated at 487 kg/ha total N (Kjeldahl plus NO³-N) and 101 kg/ha soluble PO₄-P (orthophosphate) from cannery wastes at site 1. Estimates for milk wastes at site 2 were 562 kg/ha total N and 522 kg/ha PO₄-P. The range for NO₃-N in subsurface waters was 7 to 16 ppm at site 1 (perched water at 1.5 m) and 2 to 41 ppm at site 2 (ground water at 0.9 m). Maximum concentrations, found in summer, were essentially the same as the average for total N in the input wastes (16 ppm at site 1 and 38 ppm at site 2). Nitrate was stable in the percolation stream below the root zone. Annual additions to subsurface waters were estimated at 76% of input N at site 1 and 65% at site 2. The range of PO₄-P in subsurface waters was 0.5 to 1.5 ppm at site 1 and 0.04 to 1.8 ppm at site 2; average waste water concentrations were 3 and 35 ppm. The highest concentrations in subsurface water were found in spring. Annual subsurface discharge was estimated at 27% of input P at site 1 and 2% at site 2. The extensive removals of PO₄ and the similar concentrations encountered in subsurface waters are of theoretical and practical interest since PO₄-P had already accumulated in soil profiles at both sites in quantities which exceed the Langmuir maxima for nonirrigated control soils. During seasons of major irrigation input, NO₃ appeared in subsurface waters in concentrations exceeding public health standards; PO₄ concentrations exceeded environmental guidelines at all times except where irrigation was discontinued during the winter at site 2. Soil systems appeared poised to discharge at the observed rates because of the large quantities of organic N and fixed P which had accumulated in the profiles over 20 years operation at site 1, and 10 years at site 2. The rate of residual accumulation in soil could have been reduced by harvest, to extend system life materially. The harvest potential of three grass clippings per season removed for silage, was estimated experimentally at 31% of input N at both sites and 80% of input PO₄ at site 1; 27% at site 2.
Show more [+] Less [-]Effect of long term land disposal by spray irrigation of food processing wastes on some chemical properties of the soil and subsurface water.
1975
Adriano D.C. | Novak L.T. | Erickson A.E. | Wolcott A.R. | Ellis B.G.
Estudio de la crisis del destete, el crecimiento subsiguiente y la ingestión de agua y alimentos concentrados y groseros, en corderos destetados a los 28 días de edad Full text
1975
Sanz Arias, Rafael | Peláez Suárez, Rodrigo
Sobre 24 corderos de raza Churra (12 machos y 12 hembras) destetados a los 28 días de edad y mantenidos en jaulas individuales, se ha estudiado la crisis del destete, el crecimiento subsiguiente y la ingestión de agua y alimentos concentrados y groseros hasta los 77 días de edad. Después del destete, el crecimiento, no sólo se detuvo, sino que todos los animales perdieron peso. La pérdida de peso media fue de O,74 ± 0,05 Kg, calculada como la diferencia existente entre el peso al destete y el peso más bajo alcanzado por los corderos en los días posteriores. El peso más bajo se alcanzó a los 4 ,4 ± 0,4 días de realizado el destete. La pérdida de peso medio representó el 8,2% del peso de los corderos al destete. La duración de la crisis ha sido de 11 días, calculados como el período de tiempo que media entre el destete y el momento en que los animales recuperan el peso inicial. A partir de ese momento, el crecimiento posterior de los corderos fue el normal para los animales de esta raza. La ingestión de alimentos sólidos es baja al principio y se eleva lentamente en las semanas que siguen al destete. A los 7 días del destete, el consumo de pienso concentrado fue de 125 g por cordero y día, cantidad que se elevó a 223 g diarios a los 14 días. Las cantidades de heno consumidas fueron 25 g y 44 g por cordero y día a los 7 y a los 14 días del destete. A lo largo de la prueba, la cantidad media diaria de heno consumido por los corderos representó el 10% aproximadamente del consumo total de alimentos. La ingestión de agua aumentó más rápidamente que el consumo de alimentos sólidos, de forma que, a los 7 días, la cantidad media bebida diariamente fue de 337 ml que se elevaron a 671 ml a los 14 días después del destete. La relación Agua / Sustancia seca se mantuvo próxima a 2,65 para el período comprendido entre los 42 y los 77 días de edad de los corderos.
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