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Immune response of cattle to Haemophilus somnus lipid A-protein conjugate vaccine and efficacy in a mouse abortion model.
1992
Inzana T.J. | Todd J.
Immunogenicity of the lipid A component of Haemophilus somnus lipooligosaccharide in cattle and mice was examined after purification, detoxification, and covalent conjugation to a protein carrier. After 2 inoculations, a substantial antibody response was induced in most cattle to lipid A and the protein carrier. To determine whether antibodies to lipid A would be protective, 5 X 10(7) colony-forming units of H somnus strain 649 were administered IV to endotoxin-responsive (C3H/HEN) mice. In one study, 8 of 13 C3H/HEN mice aborted when inoculated. In contrast, abortion did not result when mice were inoculated with the same dose of an isolate of H somnus normally found in the prepuce or with the rough mutant Escherichia coli J5. In addition, endotoxin-nonresponsive (C3H/HeJ) mice were significantly (P = 0.03) more resistant to abortion by strain 649 than were C3H/HeN mice, but inoculated C3H/HeN mice were only slightly more resistant to H somnus abortion, compared with control mice. Although a large antibody response to lipid A was detected, there was no significant difference in the immunized group between mice that aborted and mice that delivered normally. Thus, lipooligosaccharide and other properties of virulent H somnus strains may contribute to abortion in mice.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Infertility in heifers inoculated with modified-live bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccinal strains against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis on postbreeding day 14.
1989
Miller J.M. | Maaten M.J. van der | Whetstone C.A.
Heifers were inoculated IV with 1 of 4 modified-live bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccinal strains against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (2 heifers/strain) on postbreeding day (PBD) 14. The effect of infection on fertility was monitored by plasma progesterone assay at 1- to 3-day intervals from the time of virus exposure until PBD 60. Infertility was detected in 4 of 8 inoculated heifers. In 2 heifers, progestrone concentrations decreased to values indicative of estrus within 10 days after inoculation (PBD 24). The 2 other heifers had evidence of embryonic death on PBD 40 and 42. Two control heifers inoculated with culture medium from noninfected cells maintained their pregnancies.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Safety of a temperature-sensitive vaccine strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus in pregnant cows.
1986
Lobmann M. | Charlier P. | Klaassen C.L. | Zygraich N.
Evaluation of immunocontraceptive vaccine composed of gonadotropin-releasing hormone conjugated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in male rats
2017
Park, B.J., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Kim, Y.H., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Ahn, H.S., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Han, S.H., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Go, H.J., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Lee, J.B., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Park, S.Y., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Song, C.S., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Lee, S.W., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Choi, I.S., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Surgical castration performed to reduce male-associated problems results in pain and microbial infections in male animals. Therefore, immunocontraception, which is mediated by the animal's own antibodies against reproductive hormones, has been recommended as an alternative to surgical castration when considering the animal's welfare. In this study, a new immunocontraceptive vaccine composed of six tandem copies of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fused to rat granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was developed, and its efficacy was evaluated in male rats. Three different doses (10, 50, and 100 μg) of recombinant GM-CSF-GnRH protein were injected three times at intervals of two weeks into male rats. The rats vaccinated with three doses of GM-CSF-GnRH produced a significantly higher level of antibodies against GnRH than that in the negative control rats. Severe atrophy of gonads was observed in rats vaccinated with three doses of GM-CSF-GnRH but not in the negative control rats. The results reveal that the new GnRH vaccine conjugated with rat GM-CSF induces efficient immunocontraception in male rats. This formulation of the immunocontraceptive vaccine would be applicable to both domestic and pet male animals.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Stimulatory effects of Bordetella bronchiseptica antigen on bone marrow cells and immune memory responses
2014
Yim, S.H., Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea | Joo, H.G., Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
Bone marrow is a hematological and immunological organ that provides multiple immune cells, including B lymphocytes, and thus plays a critical role in the efficacy of vaccine. We previously demonstrated that Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica antigen has high immunogenicity in spleen cells, a peripheral immune organ. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity of B. bronchiseptica antigen in bone marrow cells, a central immune organ. B. bronchiseptica antigen increased the cellular activity of bone marrow cells and significantly enhanced the production of nitric oxide, IL-6, and TNF-¥�. Bone marrow cells primed with B. bronchiseptica antigen in vivo were harvested and stimulated with the same antigen in vitro. The stimulation of B. bronchiseptica antigen significantly increased the cellular activity and proliferation rate of the primed cells. B. bronchiseptica antigen also greatly induced the production of antigen-specific antibody in the primed cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that B. bronchiseptica antigen can stimulate bone marrow cells, a central immune organ, and recall the immune response of the primed bone marrow cells.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Protective effects and immunogenicity of Salmonella Enteritidis killed vaccine strains selected from virulent Salmonella Enteritidis isolates
2011
Kang, Z.W., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea | Won, H.K., ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratories, Daejeon, Republic of Korea | Kim, E.H., ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratories, Daejeon, Republic of Korea | Noh, Y.H., ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratories, Daejeon, Republic of Korea | Choi, H.W., ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratories, Daejeon, Republic of Korea | Hahn, T.W., Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) has been a major causative agent of food-borne human disease due to consumption of contaminated eggs and poultry meat. To prevent SE infection in poultry, and therefore minimize human infections, vaccination with either killed or live SE vaccine is suggested. We evaluated a newly developed killed bacterin using a representative SE isolate in Korea. Among pool of SE isolates, two highly virulent isolates (the one isolate from chicken, the other from human) were selected by measuring mortality in mouse and chickens administered. The chickens were injected intramuscularly with killed vaccine and were challenged with highly virulent SE strain 3 week after vaccination. The recovered colony count (cfu/g) of spleen and cecal content in the vaccinated groups was reduced compared with those of the unvaccinated control group. The antibody level in the vaccinated groups was higher at 3 week post vaccination. These results indicate that vaccination with killed vaccine was effective in preventing the infection of virulent SE. Further study for a large number of layers should be needed for the effect of egg production, SE shedding in feces, persistence of antibody level.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Evaluation on efficacy of β-hemolytic Streptococcus iniae vaccine on olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
2007
Moon, J.S. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Republic of Korea), E-mail: moonjs@nvrqs.go.kr | Jang, H. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Kim, J.Y. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Joh, S.J. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Kim, M.J. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Son, S.W. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Anyang, Republic of Korea)
Olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus is one of the most important cultured fish in Korea, its farming has been negatively impacted by viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases. Streptococcal infection was considered as a serious problem because of significant economic losses in olive flounder farm industry. The development and evaluation of vaccine for protection against infection by this agent were required. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of β-hemolytic Streptococcus (S.) iniae vaccine on olive flounder.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Comparison of immune responses of dogs and guinea pigs inoculated with inactivated canine coronavirus vaccines
2005
An, D.J. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Kim, B.H. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea), E-mail: kimbh@nvrqs.go.kr | Jung, B.Y. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Yi, C.H. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Jeon, W.J. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Lee, P.S. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea) | Chung, G.S. (National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MAF, Anyang, Republic of Korea)
Canine coronavirus (CCV) causes a mild gastroenteritis in dogs. The virus is highly contagious. Although the virus was isolated more than thirty years ago, canine coronavirus infection continues to be a widespread problem. Mixed infections with both CCV and canine parvovirus (CPV) are common. Four kinds of commercial killed CCV vaccines are available in Korea. All the commercial vaccines should pass the National Assay for Veterinary Biologicals prior to release. For the potency test of CCV vaccine, it is necessary to use CCV antibody free dogs. The test requires not only kennels but high cost. To develop easy, efficient and economic potency test method for killed CCV vaccine using laboratory animals, a series of experiments with rabbits and guinea pigs were carried out in this study.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Effect of a trivalent (FPV, FHV, FCV) inactivated vaccine in kittens
2005
Lee, S.M. (Woosung Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea), E-mail: mini7226@hanmail.net | Yoon, I.J. (ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratory, Daejeon, Republic of Korea) | Lee, K.J. (Chungnam Livestock and Veterinary Service Institute, Gongju, Republic of Korea) | Lee, K.Y. (Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan) | Kim, M.K. (Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea) | Choi, H.W. (ChoongAng Vaccine Laboratory, Daejeon, Republic of Korea)
This study tested the effect of a trivalent (feline panleukopenia; FPV, feline viral rhinotracheitis; FHV, feline calicivirus infection; FCV) inactivated vaccine in cats. The vaccine was tested for the safety in guinea pigs, mice and cats. Also, it was tested for the efficacy in cats. The vaccine was inoculated to cats at 7~9 and 10~12 weeks of age (conventional schedule) and the serological response to vaccination was assessed and was compared to the unvaccinated group. All cats were bled by jugular venipuncture for FPV, FHV and FCV specific serological test (virus neutralizing antibody, VN) at 7~9, 10~12 and 13~15 weeks.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Acute porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome outbreaks in immunized sow herds: from occurrence to stabilization under whole herd vaccination strategy
2018
Moon, S.H., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Yoo, S.J., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Noh, S.H., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Kwon, T., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Lee, D.U., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Je, S.H., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Kim, M.H., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Seo, S.W., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea | Lyoo, Y.S., Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in vaccinated sow herds from occurrence to stabilization were monitored and analyzed in terms of serology and reproductive performance. Three different conventional pig farms experienced severe reproductive failures with the introduction of a type 1 PRRSV. These farms had adopted mass vaccination of sows using a type 2 PRRSV modified live vaccine (MLV). Therefore, to control the type 1 PRRSV, an alternative vaccination program utilizing both type 1 and type 2 MLV was undertaken. Following whole herd vaccinations with both types of MLV, successful stabilization of PRRS outbreaks was identified based on serological data (no viremia and downward trends in ELISA antibody titers in both sows and suckling piglets) and recovery of reproductive performance. Additionally, through comparison of the reproductive parameters between outbreak and non-outbreak periods, it was identified that PRRSV significantly affected the farrowing rate and the number of suckling piglets per litter at all three pig farms. Comparison of reproductive parameters between periods when the different vaccination strategies were applied revealed that the number of piglets born in total and born dead per litter were significantly increased after the introduction of the type 1 PRRS MLV.
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