Experimental study included 15 lambs which were divided into 3 groups; eachgroup consisted of 5 lambs. A commercial Case- Bac vaccine was used to vaccinategroup II, while others groups served as positive and negative controls. All lambs in groupII were received two doses of vaccine at four weeks interval. The lambs in groups II andIII were challenged S/C with 9 x 108 CFU virulent isolated strain of C.pseudotuberculosis.Humoral and cell mediated immune response were detected during the period ofexperiments, the temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate were determined weekly.The protection in vaccinated group was 100% against challenge dose, while in thegroup III one lamb died on fifth day post challenge. Pus was appeared in the rest of lambsat the site of injection.INTRODUCTION

Untreated water is well-known source of A.hydrophila which is in addition to its enteropathogenicpotential ,also display resistance to commonly used antibiotics , so this study aimed to compare AerokeyII and API20E in identification of A.hydrophila with studying of some virulence factors andantibiogram profile in untreated wells water in Thi-Qar province. Isolation was conducted by employingAmpicilin Blood Agar (ABA30) and MacConkey agar medium, the suspected colonies were identifiedby using biochemical scheme (AerokeyII) , and API20E . The results of this study revealed thatA.hydrophila was recovered from 8 out of 30 wells with incidence rate (27.6%), incidence variation wasnoted among different regions which was statistically significant . All isolates showed β-hemolysis ofhuman erythrocytes , 75% have proteolytic activity and 50% of isolates were DNase positive. Resultsof Antibiogram analysis revealed that all isolates exhibit resistance in percentage (100%) to fiveantibiotics including ;Clindamycin , Cephalothin , Vancomycin , ticarcilin-clavulanic acid , Ceftazidime,and the resistance to Cefoxitin was 75%, while all isolates were (100%) susceptible to Gentamicin ,Amikacin, Chloramphenicol, Ofloxacin ,Ciprofloxacin, Naldxic acid, Imipenem , Norfloxacin, andDeoxycyclin. The susceptibility to Ceftriaxone was 62.5% , Streptomycin 87.5% and Trimethoprime87.5% . The study concluded that , high correlation between Aerokey II and API20E in identification ofA.hydrophila and untreated wells water are an important source of multi-drug resistant enteropathogenicA.hydrophila which pose public health threat especially to individuals using this kind of water source

Albizia lebbeckor sirisis a tropical legume and is the most widespread of Albizia genus inthe world. The leaveof Albizia lebbeckhas a low content of tannins and phenoliccompoundsand relatively high content of N and Ca. The aim of this experiment was toinvestigate of feeding of Albizia lebbeck as a replacement for alfalfaon blood parametersofone-humped camel. Four dromedary camels (2 fistulated) about 2 years old and 150-200 kgweight of the Arabi breed were selected. They were fed for about one month with control diet(60% bagasse+40% alfalfa) or diet without Albizia lebbeckand diet containing Albizialebbeck(100 percent of alfalfa) by two periods. In the end of trial, blood samples wereobtained and some metabolites were measured. The results showed that the replacing Albizialebbeck with alfalfa in one-humped camel had not any effect on blood factors. Glucose levelsin control and experimental diet was 112 and 108.25 mg/dl, respectively. Feeding Albizialebbeck during the experimental period, had no significant effect on blood urea nitrogen andtriglyceride. Cholesterol content of control and experimental diets was 25.75 and 26 mg/dl,respectively. According to the results of this study, replacing Albizia lebbeckleaf for alfalfa indiet of one-humped camel did not change blood urea nitrogen, glucose, cholesterol andtriglyceride, therefore it may be used by 100 % alfalfa in one-humped camel diet.

This study was conducted to detect the causative agents of skin ulceration inponds carp fish in Sulaimani province. Samples were taken from 5ponds of commoncarp fish (Cyprinus Carpio L.) from different regions in Sulaimani province haveulcerated skin lesion .These pounds are available in Kfry, Kanarwe, Chwarta and 2ponds in Dukan.The results of the study revealed that the main causative agent of the skinulceration was a bacterial infection and the main bacterial species were 9 species thatwere isolated from skin lesion, which were the following bacteria (Pseudomonas spp,Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Yarsinakrestensia, Serratia odorifera, Escherichia coli, Proteus volgaris and Edwardsiellatarda).The high isolated bacterial prevalence in this study were Pseudomonas sps andCitrobacter freundii (19.35%) which have been isolated from 2 ponds. The rate ofisolated Edwardsiella tarda was (12.89 %),while the rate of Proteus volgaris Proteusvolgaris, E.coli and Yarsina Kerstenia were isolated separately with the same ratio9.66 % .Citrobacter amalonaticus, Enterobacter aerogenes and Serratia odoriferawere isolated with the same ratio 6.44% from the skin lesion.There was only one complicated case (bacterial infection with parasite) theparasite was protozoan (Chilodonella cyprinii).

During a period of five months (August 2015 to December 2015), a total of 250 samples werecollected 125 from hospitalized children suffering from diarrhea, and 125 from buffalo feces samplescollected from different regions in Basra Province, (Basra City Center, Abo alkaseeb, alqurna,karmat Ali, A lzobeer). All specimens were screened for the presence of E. coli O157H7. A total of104 (41.6%) of suspected E. coli isolates were obtained : 62 from children stool and 42 from buffalofeces, All suspected isolates were tested biochemically. 6 out of 62 from children stool 9.7% and 4out of 42 from buffalo feces 9.5% were Non-Sorbitol Fermented E. coli (NSFEC). All the isolateswere found to be resistant to at least 7 antibiotics to which they were subjected. Therefore, all thesefour isolates were considered to be multidrug resistant. PCR assay for amplification of tem generevealed that 6 of the E. coli O157:H7 isolates that isolated from children and buffalo were positivefor tem gene.

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP-15) was known to regulate functions of ovaryin mammals. The aim of this research was tocompare the BMP15 expression ofovaries incow and calf todetermine a relationship between the level of BMP15 genesand the developmental low competence of calfoocytes.Oocyte collected from 15cattleand 10 calves. Extracted DNA by intron kit (Korea).The BMP15 expression inOocytes surrounded completely andpartiallyby cumulus cells of adult ovaries washigher significantly than that incalf ovaries. Oocytepolymorphism in protein calvescompared with adults

The present study was designed to determine the ameliorative effect of melatonin (Mel),vitamin C (Vit.C) alone and their combination on liver and kidney functions in acrylamide (ACR)intoxicated rats(administration ACR for 45days). Forty eight adult male rats were divided randomlyinto two main groups. Control group (no=20) subdivided into two groups: groupI: ten animals ofcontrol administration distal water and group II:ten animals give Mel(5mg/kgBW) for 21 days.second group: the ACR treated group(n=40) subdivided into ACR+distal water orally, ACR+Mel(5mg/kg BW/day), ACR+Vit.C (200 mg/kg BW/day), ACR+Mel (5mg)+Vit.C (200 mg)/kg BW/dayfor 21 days. The result revealed that no significant differences in serum AST, ALT and ALPenzymes levels between control group treated with Mel and control group. A significant reduction inserum AST, ALT and ALP levels were recorded in all treated groups compared with ACR-nontreated group in which the above cited parameters still significantly higher compared with control.No significant differences were recorded in serum total protein, urea and creatinine concentrationsbetween control+Mel treated group compared with control. A significant improvement in serum totalprotein, urea and creatinine concentrations were recorded in all treated groups compared with ACRnontreated group.

ABSTRACT The eye ball ( globe) comprises Three concentric layers. ( The fibrous tunic, The vascular tunic, and the nervous tunic. And the nervous tunic the deepest layer of the eye ball is the internal (nervous ) tunic or retina. The study aimed to determine the histological structure of retina. The histological and histomorphometric Study Showed The retina as representing internal Tunica ( Nervous). And show That retina in pigeon and duck haves many layers ( ten layers); One of these is the photoreceptor Layer , In which are found the specialized neural receptor cells of the visual system, The rods and cones are more dominant while the rods are most in photoreceptors layer also the measurement of retina is smallest than in the center ( middle) and the measuring of rods and cones layers in pigeon, smallest than in duck.

Atotal of 100/270 (37%) fermented Mannitol salt agar (MSA) isolates were obtained: 40/180 (22.2%) were from buffaloes milk with subclinical mastitis and 60/90 (66.7%) were from hands of milk workers. All suspected Staphylococcus aureus isolates which tested microscopically and biochemically were 15/100 (15%) of suspected isolates, 5/40 (12.5) from milk and 10/60 (16.7) from hands swabs of milk workers were diagnosed as S. aureus.

Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease of ruminants and wild animals that caused by an intra erythrocytic bacterium, Anaplasma marginale. Under natural conditions, camels become infected in areas where the disease is endemic. Camels that survive from acute infection become carriers because of the capability of these bacteria to deception the immune system using antigenic variations. Although, several serological methods were concerned for Anaplasma marginale IgG antibodies detection, but the competitive indirect ELISA test was more sensitivity and specificity. The present study was conducted at Al-Najaf and Wasit provinces on 120 camels, selected randomly from both sexes and divided into two aged groups. The total sero positivity prevalence was (10.83%); and depending on provincial basis was (8.57%) in Al-Najaf and (14%) in Wasit provinces. Clinically, the sero positive prevalence two age groups (5 years old) had (6.67%) and (15%), respectively. No significant differences (P