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Mapping water provisioning services to support the ecosystem–water–food–energy nexus in the Danube river basin Texto completo
2016
Karabulut, Armağan | Egoh, Benis N. | Lanzanova, Denis | Grizzetti, Bruna | Bidoglio, Giovanni | Pagliero, Liliana | Bouraoui, Fayçal | Aloe, Alberto | Reynaud, Arnaud | Maes, Joachim | Vandecasteele, Ine | Mubareka, Sarah
Mapping water provisioning services to support the ecosystem–water–food–energy nexus in the Danube river basin Texto completo
2016
Karabulut, Armağan | Egoh, Benis N. | Lanzanova, Denis | Grizzetti, Bruna | Bidoglio, Giovanni | Pagliero, Liliana | Bouraoui, Fayçal | Aloe, Alberto | Reynaud, Arnaud | Maes, Joachim | Vandecasteele, Ine | Mubareka, Sarah
Water, food and energy are at the core of human needs and there is a boundless complex cycle among these three basic human needs. Ecosystems are in the center of this nexus, since they contribute to the provision of each component, making it imperative to understand the role of ecosystems in securing food, water and energy for human well-being. In this study we aimed to map and assess water provisioning services and associated benefits to support the ecosystem–water–food–energy nexus by taking into account environmental flow requirements for riverine ecosystems using the hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). We developed a framework that includes indicators of renewable water (capacity of ecosystem to provide water) and water use (service flow) and we applied it in the Danube river basin over the period 1995–2004. Water scarcity indicators were used to map the possible water scarcity in the subbasins, and analyze the spatial match of water availability and water use. The results show that modelling is instrumental to perform the integrated analysis of the ecosystem–water–food–energy nexus; and that spatial mapping is a powerful tool to display environmental availability of water provisioning and regulatory services delivered by ecosystems, and can support the nexus analysis.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Mapping water provisioning services to support the ecosystem-water-food-energy nexus in the Danube river basin Texto completo
2014
KARABULUT Armagan | N. EGOH Benis | LANZANOVA Denis | GRIZZETTI Bruna | BIDOGLIO Giovanni | PAGLIERO Liliana | BOURAOUI Faycal | ALOE Alberto | REYNAUD Arnaud | MAES Joachim | VANDECASTEELE Ine | MUBAREKA Sarah
Water, food and energy are at the core of human needs and there is a boundless complex cycle among these three basic human needs. Ecosystems are in the centre of this nexus, since they contribute to the provision of each component, making it imperative to understand the role of ecosystems in securing food, water and energy for human well-being. In this study we aimed to map and assess water provisioning services and associated benefits to support the water-food-energy-ecosystem nexus by taking into account environmental flow requirements for riverine ecosystems using the hydrological model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). We developed a framework which includes indicators of water supply (describing the capacity of the ecosystem to provide water) and water use (quantifying the flow of the services) and we applied it in the Danube river basin over the period 1995-2004. Water scarcity indicators were used to map the possible environmental water scarcity in the subbasins, and analyse the spatial match of water supply and water use. The results show that modelling is instrumental to perform the integrated analysis of the water-food-energy-ecosystem nexus and spatial mapping is a powerful tool to display the environmental availability of water provisioning and regulatory services delivered by ecosystems and can support the nexus analysis. | JRC.H.1 - Water Resources
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Impact of food and water-borne diseases on European population health Texto completo
2016
Cassini, A | Colzani, E | Kramarz, P | Kretzschmar, ME | Takkinen, J
Composite health measures are increasingly applied in studies aiming at describing the burden of diseases, and food and water-borne diseases (FWDs) are no exception. The Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe (BCoDE) is a project led and funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) with the purpose of encouraging and empowering public health experts in the estimation of the impact of communicable diseases expressed in Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Calculation of DALYs and a critical assessment of burden of disease outputs require a thorough consideration of a number of methodological and epidemiological decisions ranging from modelling (e.g. incidence versus prevalence), disease model parameters (e.g. risks of developing complications or death) and the data feeding the number of cases.Burden of disease studies produce useful results for public health decision-making, in particular when they aim at informing preventive strategies. For this purpose, we attributed FWDs results from the BCoDE 2015 study to different exposure routes. We discuss these in the more general perspective of generating burden of disease evidence for planning and prioritisation, including the potentials and limitations of its methodology.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Potential Impacts of Food Production on Freshwater Availability Considering Water Sources Texto completo
2016
Yano, Shinjiro | Hanasaki, Naota | Itsubo, Norihiro | Oki, Taikan
Potential Impacts of Food Production on Freshwater Availability Considering Water Sources Texto completo
2016
Yano, Shinjiro | Hanasaki, Naota | Itsubo, Norihiro | Oki, Taikan
We quantify the potential impacts of global food production on freshwater availability (water scarcity footprint; WSF) by applying the water unavailability factor (fwua) as a characterization factor and a global water resource model based on life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). Each water source, including rainfall, surface water, and groundwater, has a distinct fwua that is estimated based on the renewability rate of each geographical water cycle. The aggregated consumptive water use level for food production (water footprint inventory; WI) was found to be 4344 km3/year, and the calculated global total WSF was 18,031 km3 H<inf>2</inf>Oeq/year, when considering the difference in water sources. According to the fwua concept, which is based on the land area required to obtain a unit volume of water from each source, the calculated annual impact can also be represented as 98.5 × 106 km2. This value implies that current agricultural activities requires a land area that is over six times larger than global total cropland. We also present the net import of the WI and WSF, highlighting the importance of quantitative assessments for utilizing global water resources to achieve sustainable water use globally.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Potential Impacts of Food Production on Freshwater Availability Considering Water Sources Texto completo
2016
Shinjiro Yano | Naota Hanasaki | Norihiro Itsubo | Taikan Oki
We quantify the potential impacts of global food production on freshwater availability (water scarcity footprint: WSF) by applying the water unavailability factor (fwua) as a characterization factor and a global water resource model based on life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). Each water source, including rainfall, surface water, and groundwater, has a distinct fwua that is estimated based on the renewability rate of each geographical water cycle. The aggregated consumptive water use level for food production (water footprint inventory: WI) was found to be 4344 km3/year, and the calculated global total WSF was 18,031 km3 H2Oeq/year, when considering the difference in water sources. According to the fwua concept, which is based on the land area required to obtain a unit volume of water from each source, the calculated annual impact can also be represented as 98.5 × 106 km2. This value implies that current agricultural activities requires a land area that is over six times larger than global total cropland. We also present the net import of the WI and WSF, highlighting the importance of quantitative assessments for utilizing global water resources to achieve sustainable water use globally.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Potential Impacts of Food Production on Freshwater Availability Considering Water Sources Texto completo
2016
Shinjiro Yano | Naota Hanasaki | Norihiro Itsubo | Taikan Oki
We quantify the potential impacts of global food production on freshwater availability (water scarcity footprint; WSF) by applying the water unavailability factor (fwua) as a characterization factor and a global water resource model based on life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). Each water source, including rainfall, surface water, and groundwater, has a distinct fwua that is estimated based on the renewability rate of each geographical water cycle. The aggregated consumptive water use level for food production (water footprint inventory; WI) was found to be 4344 km3/year, and the calculated global total WSF was 18,031 km3 H2Oeq/year, when considering the difference in water sources. According to the fwua concept, which is based on the land area required to obtain a unit volume of water from each source, the calculated annual impact can also be represented as 98.5 × 106 km2. This value implies that current agricultural activities requires a land area that is over six times larger than global total cropland. We also present the net import of the WI and WSF, highlighting the importance of quantitative assessments for utilizing global water resources to achieve sustainable water use globally.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Enabling Water-Energy–Food Nexus: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in Mountainous Landlocked Countries Texto completo
2016
Gurung, Tek Bahadur
Enabling Water-Energy–Food Nexus: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in Mountainous Landlocked Countries Texto completo
2016
Gurung, Tek Bahadur
Majority of landlocked mountainous countries are poorly ranked in Human Development Index (HDI), mostly due to poor per capita agriculture production, increasing population, unemployment, expensive and delayed transportation including several other factors. Generally, economy of such countries substantially relies on subsistence agriculture, tourism, hydropower and largely on remittance etc. Recently, it has been argued that to utilize scarce suitable land efficiently for food production, poor inland transport, hydropower, irrigation, drinking water in integration with other developmental infrastructures, an overarching policy linking water - energy – food nexus within a country for combating water, energy and food security would be most relevant. Thus, in present paper it has been opined that promotion of such linkage via nexus approach is the key to sustainable development of landlocked mountainous countries. Major land mass in mountainous countries like Nepal remains unsuitable for agriculture, road and other infrastructure profoundly imposing food, nutrition and energy security. However, large pristine snowy mountains function as wildlife sanctuaries, pastures, watershed, recharge areas for regional and global water, food and energy security. In return, landlocked mountainous countries are offered certain international leverages. For more judicious trade off, it is recommended that specific countries aerial coverage of mountains would be more appropriate basis for such leverages. Moreover, for sustainability of mountainous countries an integrated approach enabling water - energy – food nexus via watershed-hydropower-irrigation-aquaculture-agriculture-integrated linking policy model is proposed. This model would enable protection of watershed for pico, micro, and mega hydro power plants and tail waters to be used for aquaculture or irrigation or drinking water purposes for food and nutrition security.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Enabling Water-Energy–Food Nexus: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in Mountainous Landlocked Countries Texto completo
2016
Gurung, Tek Bahadur
Majority of landlocked mountainous countries are poorly ranked in Human Development Index (HDI), mostly due to poor per capita agriculture production, increasing population, unemployment, expensive and delayed transportation including several other factors. Generally, economy of such countries substantially relies on subsistence agriculture, tourism, hydropower and largely on remittance etc. Recently, it has been argued that to utilize scarce suitable land efficiently for food production, poor inland transport, hydropower, irrigation, drinking water in integration with other developmental infrastructures, an overarching policy linking water - energy – food nexus within a country for combating water, energy and food security would be most relevant. Thus, in present paper it has been opined that promotion of such linkage via nexus approach is the key to sustainable development of landlocked mountainous countries. Major land mass in mountainous countries like Nepal remains unsuitable for agriculture, road and other infrastructure profoundly imposing food, nutrition and energy security. However, large pristine snowy mountains function as wildlife sanctuaries, pastures, watershed, recharge areas for regional and global water, food and energy security. In return, landlocked mountainous countries are offered certain international leverages. For more judicious trade off, it is recommended that specific countries aerial coverage of mountains would be more appropriate basis for such leverages. Moreover, for sustainability of mountainous countries an integrated approach enabling water - energy – food nexus via watershed-hydropower-irrigation-aquaculture-agriculture-integrated linking policy model is proposed. This model would enable protection of watershed for pico, micro, and mega hydro power plants and tail waters to be used for aquaculture or irrigation or drinking water purposes for food and nutrition security.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Enabling Water-Energy–Food Nexus: A New Approach for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security in Mountainous Landlocked Countries Texto completo
2016
Tek Bahadur Gurung
Majority of landlocked mountainous countries are poorly ranked in Human Development Index (HDI), mostly due to poor per capita agriculture production, increasing population, unemployment, expensive and delayed transportation including several other factors. Generally, economy of such countries substantially relies on subsistence agriculture, tourism, hydropower and largely on remittance etc. Recently, it has been argued that to utilize scarce suitable land efficiently for food production, poor inland transport, hydropower, irrigation, drinking water in integration with other developmental infrastructures, an overarching policy linking water - energy – food nexus within a country for combating water, energy and food security would be most relevant. Thus, in present paper it has been opined that promotion of such linkage via nexus approach is the key to sustainable development of landlocked mountainous countries. Major land mass in mountainous countries like Nepal remains unsuitable for agriculture, road and other infrastructure profoundly imposing food, nutrition and energy security. However, large pristine snowy mountains function as wildlife sanctuaries, pastures, watershed, recharge areas for regional and global water, food and energy security. In return, landlocked mountainous countries are offered certain international leverages. For more judicious trade off, it is recommended that specific countries aerial coverage of mountains would be more appropriate basis for such leverages. Moreover, for sustainability of mountainous countries an integrated approach enabling water - energy – food nexus via watershed-hydropower-irrigation-aquaculture-agriculture-integrated linking policy model is proposed. This model would enable protection of watershed for pico, micro, and mega hydro power plants and tail waters to be used for aquaculture or irrigation or drinking water purposes for food and nutrition security.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Linking groundwater – surface water exchange to food production and salmonid growth1 Texto completo
2016
Mejia, Francine H. | Baxter, Colden V. | Berntsen, Eric K. | Fremier, Alexander K.
Linking groundwater – surface water exchange to food production and salmonid growth1 Texto completo
2016
Mejia, Francine H. | Baxter, Colden V. | Berntsen, Eric K. | Fremier, Alexander K.
Materials, energy, and organisms from groundwater serve as resource subsidies to lotic systems. These subsidies influence food production and post-emergent fish growth and condition through nutrient inputs and water temperature changes. To test whether post-emergent fish grew faster in gaining sites, we grew hatchery post-emergent salmon in enclosures, sampled periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and wild salmon, and modeled fish growth across a gradient of groundwater – surface water exchange. Fish grew almost twice as fast in gaining (2.7%·day⁻¹) than in losing (1.5%·day⁻¹) sites. Fish from transient sites grew as much as gaining sites, but their condition was significantly lower (18.3% vs. 20.7%). Results suggest that groundwater – surface water exchange affects fish growth and energetic condition through direct and indirect pathways. Elevated nitrogen concentrations and consistently warmer water temperature in gaining sites have a strong effect on basal production with subsequent effects on invertebrate biomass, fish growth, and condition. Findings highlight the importance of groundwater – surface water exchange as a subsidy to rearing salmon and may inform strategies for restoring fish rearing habitat.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Linking groundwater-surface water exchange to food production and salmonid growth Texto completo
2015
Mejia, Francine Harriet | Baxter, Colden V. | Berntsen, Eric Karl | Fremier, Alexander K.
Materials, energy, and organisms from groundwater serve as resource subsidies to lotic systems. These subsidies influence food production and post-emergent fish growth and condition through nutrient inputs and water temperature changes. To test whether post-emergent fish grew faster in gaining sites, we grew hatchery post-emergent salmon in enclosures, sampled periphyton, benthic invertebrates and wild salmon, and modeled fish growth across a gradient of groundwater-surface water exchange. Fish grew almost twice as fast in gaining (2.7 % g d | The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Bioelectronic tongues: New trends and applications in water and food analysis Texto completo
2016
Cetó, Xavier | Voelcker, Nicolas H. | Prieto-Simón, Beatriz
Over the last years, there has been an increasing demand for fast, highly sensitive and selective methods of analysis to meet new challenges in environmental monitoring, food safety and public health. In response to this demand, biosensors have arisen as a promising tool, which offers accurate chemical data in a timely and cost-effective manner. However, the difficulty to obtain sensors with appropriate selectivity and sensitivity for a given analyte, and to solve analytical problems which do not require the quantification of a certain analyte, but an overall effect on a biological system (e.g. toxicity, quality indices, provenance, freshness, etc.), led to the concept of electronic tongues as a new strategy to tackle these problems.In this direction, to improve the performance of electronic tongues, and thus to spawn new application fields, biosensors have recently been incorporated to electronic tongue arrays, leading to what is known as bioelectronic tongues. Bioelectronic tongues provide superior performance by combining the capabilities of electronic tongues to derive meaning from complex or imprecise data, and the high selectivity and specificity of biosensors. The result is postulated as a tool that exploits chemometrics to solve biosensors’ interference problems, and biosensors to solve electronic tongues’ selectivity problems.The review presented herein aims to illustrate the capabilities of bioelectronic tongues as analytical tools, especially suited for screening analysis, with particular emphasis in water analysis and the characterization of food and beverages. After briefly reviewing the key concepts related to the design and principles of electronic tongues, we provide an overview of significant contributions to the field of bioelectronic tongues and their future perspectives.
Mostrar más [+] Menos [-]Molecular biology of food and water borne mycotoxigenic and mycotic fungi
2016
Russell, R.
Assessment of partial coalescence in whippable oil-in-water food emulsions Texto completo
2016
Petrut, Raul Flaviu | Danthine, Sabine | Blecker, Christophe
peer reviewed | Partial coalescence influences to a great extent the properties of final food products such as ice cream and whipped toppings. In return, the partial coalescence occurrence and development are conditioned, in such systems, by the emulsion's intrinsic properties (e.g. solid fat content, fat crystal shape and size), formulation (e.g. protein content, surfactants presence) and extrinsic factors (e.g. cooling rate, shearing). A set of methods is available for partial coalescence investigation and quantification. These methods are critically reviewed in this paper, balancing the weaknesses of themethods in terms of structure alteration (for turbidity, dye dilution, etc.) and assumptions made for mathematical models (for particle size determination) with their advantages (good repeatability, high sensitivity, etc.).With the methods proposed in literature, the partial coalescence investigations can be conducted quantitatively and/or qualitatively. Good correlation were observed between some of the quantitative methods such as dye dilution, calorimetry, fat particle size;while a poor correlation was found in the case of solvent extraction method with other quantitativemethods. The most suitableway for partial coalescence quantification was implied to be the fat particle size method, which would give results with a high degree of confidence if used in combination with a microscopic technique for the confirmation of partial coalescence as the main destabilization mechanism.
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