Identification of low-molecular-weight glutenin components of wheat associated with strong dough property and their application to a breeding program
2005
Maruyama Funatsuki, W.(National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Sapporo (Japan))
The annual consumption of strong wheat flour in Japan now exceeds two million tons. Although consumers are demanding foods made with domestic flour, domestic production of strong flour is less than l% of total consumption. The use of blended flour consisting of medium-soft flour and extra-strong flour improves the quality of various foods such as bread, Chinese yellow-alkaline noodles, and precooked noodles. However, there are few strong wheat cultivars and no extrastrong wheat cultivars in Japan. About half of the total amount of wheat produced in Japan is cultivated in Hokkaido, a cold region of Japan. It is therefore essential to breed strong and, extrastrong wheat varieties suitable for this region. High-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits (GSs) that confer a strong dough property and good bread-making quality have been intensively studied. HMW-GS 5+10, encoded by the gene Glu-Dl, plays an important role in dough properties appropriate for bread-making and has been used as a protein marker in selection of strong wheat varieties. On the other hand, the allelic form, HMW-GS 2+12, is widely present in Japanese wheat cultivars and is not greatly involved in strong dough properties. Although it is known that the compositions of low-molecular-weight (LMW) GSs are important factors for strong dough properties of wheat, it has not been determined which LMW-GSs confer an extra-strong dough property and how those LMW-GSs interact with HMW-GSs. The aim of this study was to identify LMW-GSs associated with a strong dough property and to develop DNA markers linked to such LMW-GSs genes. In this study, two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) was performed even in segregating populations to enable intensive monitoring of glutenin components, since the difficulty in resolving LMW-GSs is a bottleneck in research on LMW-GS.
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