ASPECTS OF GRAIN QUALITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT

The paper presents the results of the study of varieties of spring soft wheat of the main competitive test of the laboratory of breeding and seed production of spring soft wheat of Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the South-East, Saratov. The informative value of the indicators of gluten content, gluten quality on the IDK-3M device, volumetric bread yield (VBY) was revealed. One-factor analysis of variance has established that genotypic differences in gluten content and IDC-3M are confirmed at the 5% significance level of the F-criterion, therefore these indices are the most informative in breeding for the quality of spring soft wheat. The limits of variation of signs, respectively, were 23.9-29.3% and 57.3-74.6 units, etc. The significance of differences in the volume yield of bread was not confirmed. Insignificant variability of the VBY index was found in 8 varieties out of 17 studied, in 9 – average variability (according to the coefficient of intersort variation). In terms of gluten content, 12 out of 17 varieties had insignificant variability, and only 5 had average. As for the IDK-ZM indicator, only 4 varieties showed average variability, and 13 of the studied ones had insignificant variability. By the method of correlation analysis (by compiling a matrix of correlation coefficients), genotype-environmental interactions were proved only for one studied trait – the gluten content, therefore, the plasticity, stability and homeostaticity of varietal samples were analyzed only for it. Using the method of Eberhart and Russell, plastic varieties were identified, i.e., which show a progressive increase in the trait under the influence of growing conditions and non-plastic, which will show better results in adverse environmental conditions. In terms of stability, the least promising are Saratovskaya 76, Erythrospermum 2279, Erythrospermum 2309 Saratovskaya 55, Albidum 2295, Albidum 2312 and Grecum 2283. Saratovskaya 76, Grekum 2283, Erythrospermum 2253, Saratovskaya 29, Saratovskaya 68, Lutescens 2297 and Erythrospermum 2309 are higher than average homeostatic, and forms Albidum 2312, Favorit, Erythrospermum 2280, Albidum 2295 and Erythrospermum 2279 are lower than average homeostatic. The rest have an average homeostasis.