Undesirable odour substances (geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol) in water environment: Sources, impacts and removal strategies

Abd El-Hack, Mohamed E.; El-Saadony, Mohamed T.; Elbestawy, Ahmed R.; Ellakany, Hany F.; Abaza, Samar S.; Geneedy, Amr M.; Salem, Heba M.; Taha, Ayman E.; Swelum, Ayman A.; Omer, Fatima A.; AbuQamar, Synan F.; El-Tarabily, Khaled A.

Undesirable odour substances (geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol) in water environment: Sources, impacts and removal strategies

2022

Off-flavours in fish products generated from recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are a major problem in the fish farming industry affecting the market demand and prices. A particular concern is the muddy or musty odour and taste in fish due to the presence of secondary metabolites geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), produced by actinobacteria (mainly Streptomyces), myxobacteria and cyanobacteria. Off-flavours have deteriorated the quality of fish, rendering their products unfit for human consumption. The process of odour removal requires purification for several days to weeks in clean water; thus this leads to additional production costs. Geosmin and 2-MIB, detected at extremely low odour thresholds, are the most widespread off-flavour metabolites in aquaculture, entering through fish gills and accumulating in the fish adipose tissues. In this review, we aimed to determine the diversity and identity of geosmin- and 2-MIB-producing bacteria in aquaculture and provide possible strategies for their elimination.

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