Activity of amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic enzymes in the content and mucosa of intestinal tract, alkaline phosphatase in mucosa of intestinal tract, as well as the determination of calcium and phosphorous concentration in gastro-intestinal tract of hens were analyzed in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Results of analysis of the obtained experiment results of laying hens of parental stock by influence of various vitamin-mineral additives were presented. The highest activity of amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic enzymes in 170-330 days old laying hens of Belarus-9 cross was marked in small intestine. There was stated the decreasing of enzymatic activity in proportion to removal from a stomach. At the same time, activity of alkaline phosphatase decreasds. Activity of alkaline phosphatase, proteolytic and starch-reducing enzymes in a mucous membrane of a duodenal gut was a bit higher than in mucosae of jejunal. Lipolytic enzymes showed high degree activity in mucosae of jejunal. Enzymic activity in large bowel was low. Addition of iodine-containing preparation Kajod into hen layer diets increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase, of amylolytic, proteolytic, and lipolytic enzymes in intestines. Enzymic activity of mucous intestines at hens of breed Plimutrok in process of removal from stomach decreased. In course of the period from 240 to 330-days old age the activity of studied enzymes in hen intestines decreased. Replacement of mineral additive Cockleshell by Pikumin did not render negative influences on changes in digestive enzyme activity. In 170-days old laying hens of Belarus-9 crossbreed the calcium content increased from the stomach to the small intestine, and then decreased in thick department. In the 200-days old hens the calcium concentration in a stomach increased in both groups and gradually decreased in the department of small intestine, but in rectum its quantity increased in both groups. In the period of intensive egg-laying (280 days) the general calcium content in thin department of intestines was less than in the stomach, later it increased in cecum and decreased in rectum. By the end of the experiment (330 days) the concentration of calcium in control group decreased from the stomach to the beginning of thick department of intestines, but in rectum its quantity increased. In experimental group the calcium content increased from a stomach to cecums and then decreased in rectum. In distribution of inorganic phosphorus in gastrointestinal tract departments at hens of various age groups the tendency to increase in its quantity in small intestine and the beginning of thick department of intestines, and then to reduction in rectum was observed. And at hens receiving premix Ajdeko, the phosphorus content, since 200-day age, was higher, than at hens receiving the basic ration

Determination of the efficiency of young fat stock feeding with wet rolled maize grain which was preserved by means of different preparations was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The following preserving agents were applied: HV-2 (by- product of amino-formaldehyde resin); AIV 3 Plus (mixture of 62% formic acid and 24% ammonium formate; KEMIRA, Finland); carbamide (30 kg/t) with 40 g/t of complex mineral supplement. Feeding of young fat stock with rolled maize grains preserved by NV-2 promoted the increasing of nutrient digestibility on 1,5-5,0%, nitrogen use - on 2% in comparison with control. Application of rolled maize grain preserved with AIV-3Plus and carbamide with the complex mineral supplement made it possible to increase the digestibility of nutrients on 1,0-4,8% and nitrogen use - on 1,6-1,7%. Introduction of rolled maize grain preserved with NV-2 into rations of bull calves increased their productivity on 4,7% (P less than 0,05) with the simultaneous lowering of forage expenses on 1,9%. Application rolled maize grains preserved with AIV-3Plus made it possible to increase daily average weight gain on 3,8% and lower the forages expenses on 2,6%. Use preserved with NV-2 and AIV-3Plus rolled maize grains in rations of young fat stock lowered the production cost price on 11,9% and 10,8% that proved the efficiency of the studied fodder

Analysis of the efficiency of application of fermented milk supplementary feed DKM (Belarus) produced on the basis of bacteria strain Lactobacilus acidophilus 55/06 in calve diets was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. Influence of feeding with acidified with the trial milk additive on forage palatability, biochemical blood structure and calve productivity was studied; economic efficiency of DKM use for processing of whole milk and its use in rations of calves was defined. Experimental batches of DKM fermented milk supplementary feed were produced at Grodno Medical Preparations Plant (Belarus). It was issued in the sterile corked polyethylene 5, 10 and 20 liter bottles or canisters. The fermented milk supplementary feed DKM could be stored at the temperature from 0 deg С up to 15 deg С. Shelf-life – 3 months from the moment of production. The additive represents the homogeneous mass of viscous consistence of cream color of various shades with a sour-milk smell. The carried out economic calculations showed, that as a result of growing capacity increase it animals of a trial group and reception of an additional total live weight gain there was stated the 6,5% decrease of expenses for fodder unit production in the experimental group. However, due to a high cost of acidified milk the cost of fodder unit in trial group was on 6,8% higher. As a result, the cost price of 1 kg weight gain in trial group (despite high additional weight gains) was stated at the level of control group. Application of fermented milk supplementary feed DKM in calve diets made it possible to lower calf disease incidence and to increase calf productivity on 11,8% without increasing the cost price of production

Studying of interaction of phytolectins with carbohydrate epitopes of cattle erythrocytes and alpha 1-4 D-glukan was realize in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus was realized by the example of seeds of soy (Glycine max) of Viliya variety, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) of Olga variety, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) of VM-MGF variety, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) of Akogomugi varity. Lectins studies of pathological conditions (infringement of a cellular metabolism, transformation and cell destruction, etc.) were closely connected with research of structure and functions of cellular membranes that was important for carrying out of various biotechnological works. As a result of the realized research there was given the comparative characteristic of hemagglutinin activity of phytolectins of some bean and grain crops in relation to erythrocytes of cattle and precipitating with and 1-4 D-glukan. Intensive precipitation of alpha 1-4 D-glukan was observed in the conditions of its interaction with lectins of soya and wheat and less expressed in the conditions of interaction with lectins of bean and barley. It was established, that glucose monomers and its derivatives proved to be the basic structural element of glycocalyx of erythrocytes which detected the phytolectins of soya, beans, wheat and barley

Improvement of the standards of energy and protein diets of young stock cattle of 1-6 month old and determination of its influence on animal productivity was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. The studied made it possible to determine that at the age of 1 month the calf diet should contain 1,02 kg of dry matter and 21,2 MJ of metabolic energy; at the age of 2 months - 1,26 kg and 23,5 MJ; at the age of 3 months - 2,2 kg and 25,6 MJ; at the age of 4 months - 2,9 kg and 31 MJ; at the age of 5 months - 3,28 kg and 34,2 MJ; at the age of 6 months - 3,76 kg and 37,6 MJ, respectively. Metabolic energy concentration per 1 kg of dry matter should not be lower than 20,7 MJ at the first month, 19 MJ - at the second month, after the third month it should lower up to 10 MJ. In course of 6 months the presented diet scheme made it possible get 832 g of average weight gain in the conditions of forage expenses of 3,52 forage units per 1 kg

In the Republic of Belarus the grain part of mixed fodders is basically formed by the following cereal cultures: wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), oat (Avena saliva) and triticale. Rye is applied in the limited quantity in pig feeding despite all its advantages: large areas of cultivation, stable yielding capacity, low requirements to growing conditions, possibility to obtain ecologically clean production, low prime cost of grain. Rye in swine diets forms viscous solutions which break digestion process, worsen their fixation and accordingly reduce animal weight gain. Also, it was determined that rye grain had high quantity of pentosans (non-starch polysaccharides) which suppress the overall digestibility and accessibility of proteins. One of the methods of decreasing the negative influence of anti-nutritional properties of rye on pig organism and improving its digestibility is the application of fodder enzyme additives. In course of the realized investigation there was analyzed the influence of foreign fodder additives on rye-containing (Sk-21 – 10% and SK-26 – 20%) diets in swine rations. The following enzyme additives were analyzed: Rovabio TM Excel (France); Finase TM (Germany); Avizyme and Porzyme 8100 TM (United Kingdom). Application of enzyme additives Avizyme, Rovabio and Finase in mixed fodders containing rye (SK-21 - 10% of rye) for pigs at the age of 50-107 days made it possible to increase live weight on 16,8-21,7% and lower expenses for forages (fodder units) per 1kg of weight gain on - 12,3-18,2%. Intensity of live weight gain from 50-day up to 190-days age was the following: in a control group -80,8 kg, in the first experimental group fed with Rovabio - 88,6 kg, in the second experimental group fed with Avizyme - 89,7 kg, in the third experimental group fed with Finase - 84,6 kg. Research results showed that enzymes Avizyme and Rovabio rendered the highest influence on mixed fodders containing rye (SK-21 - 10% of rye and SK-26 - 20% of rye)

In conditions of the Republic of Belarus much attention is given to optimization of energy and protein content in diets of dry cows. Analysis of the influence of different energy and protein ratio in dry cows diets on their productivity was realized. Increasing of protein and energy balance standards of dry cows during the winter period on 10 and 15% at the expense of introduction of protein, vitamin and mineral supplements (PVMS) made it possible to increase the daily average weight gain of animals on 5,4% and 12,2%, live weight of calves at a birth on 3,6% and 8,1% and their daily average weight gain over the first month - on 3,9% and 12,1%, respectively. Feeding with PVMS produced on the basis of peas and rape made it possible to raise the digestibility of nutritive substance on 1,4-14% and accessibility of all mineral substances on 0,4-10%. The increasing of energy and protein ratio on 15% in diets of pregnant dry cows rendered the positive effect on dairy efficiency. Fodder expenses for fodder unit production decreased on 5,5 and 6,8%, respectively. Inclusion of PVMS in mixture with pea and rape flour for dry pregnant cows during the summer period made it possible to raise their live weight on 5,9% and 9,7%, weight of calves at birth on 4,2% and 7,3%, and their daily average weight gain - on 5,7 and 9,4%. Optimization of power and protein fodder of pregnant dry cows promotes the increasing of milk yields in the first 100 days of the subsequent lactation on 5,1% and 9,9% and the decreasing of forage expenses for production unit on 4,6-9,1%

In process of animal husbandry intensification much attention should be given to maintenance of the high-grade balanced feed of animals. Forage supplement Profat (Protected Fat) is a protected fat in dry-sand mould with 84% of fat content. Application of 0,5-0,8 kg of dry fat supplement in cows diets per 1 head a day (4,7-10,0% in mixed forage content) promotes the increasing of prime cost of milk yield with basic fatness at 1,8-2,8% within fatness growth at 0,1-0,24% without protein content decrease. During the analysis of morphological and biochemical blood structure there was not established any considerable inter-group distinctions. At the same time, it is necessary to notice, that in blood of animals of two experimental groups there was stated a little bit higher protein content. However, in proportion to application of experimental fat additive up to 0,8 kg per head a day the protein content decreased. The increased number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin content in blood of animal of trial groups proved the strengthening of metabolic processes. In blood of trial groups it was noted high quantity of vitamin A and phosphorus as well as lower amount of calcium

Analysis of supply of first-calf heifer diets with the mineral substances and their blood level at the first period of lactation as well as the development of the optimal feed formula of the mineral premix which could make it possible to neutralize the possible deficit of nutritive elements was realized in the conditions of the Republic of Belarus. It was stated that in animal diets against the background of protein and carbon misbalance there was noted the deficit of a number of trace elements such as manganese, copper, cobalt and zinc. In spite of sufficient content of calcium and phosphorus in cow diets, their concentration in blood plasma in first-calf heifers did not correspond to standard criteria, that was probably caused by vitamin D deficiency in cow rations. There was marked a low level of zinc, cobalt and manganese in whole blood of the majority of cows. With the purpose of correction of the first-calf heifer rations and for the prevention of possible hypomicroelementoses there was developed the composition of premix taking into account the necessary of cow feeding standards

Development of new selenium preparations in a complex with vitamins for the purpose of decrease of trace element toxicity and increase of its bioavailability is the topical problem of veterinary science. A new antioxidant water-soluble complex Aesel, which includes selenium as the activated product of interaction of methionine and sodium selenite, vitamins A and E, is researched. Lethal doses of the preparation for mice and rats were identified through intragastric and subcutaneous introduction. Due to the results of the research it was determined that Aesel is rated among the forth class of danger, so it is dangerous to a very little degree. Lethal doses of the preparation on the pure selenium, calculated on Pershin method, for rats at parenteral introduction is equal 5,48, at enteral introduction - 39, for mice at parenteral introduction - 7,72 mg/kg. Lethal doses of the preparation calculated on all making components equal to 39000 mg/kg.