Morphological and histological study were performed in the cecum of ten, six months broiler chicken. The present study was observed that the morphological study distinguished three region from cecum .The proximal ,middle ,and distal represented (23.65%),(42.28%),(34.06%) respectively of the total length of right caecum ,and (23.59%),(43.45%),(23.95%) respectively of the total length of left caecum.The total length of the right caecum were(13.15±0.21)while the total length of left caecum were(13.14±0.44),also was observed that caecal wall composed of four layers( mucosa , submucosa , muscularis and serosa) .The regions of caecum were proximal with developed villi and numerous folds, middle with small villi and numerous folds,while the distal with small villi and avoid of folds .In present study the lymphatic nodules were mostly found in proximal part, but they were less prominent at the distal and least in the middle part of the caecum .the wide and length of lymphatic nodules were more major in the distal part than in the middle and proximal part

In this study, the experiment was designed to investigate the effect of daily oral administration of (0.5gm/kg. B.W) of chicory (Chicorium intybus) for one month on weight and histology of kidney and liver of hypercholesterolemic rabbits (induced by oral administration of 0.5 gm/kg of cholesterol dissolved in 3ml Soya bean oil) and compared this effect with medicial therapy used for atherosclerosis treatment . The results revealed a significant increase (P

A study was conducted during the autumn of 2000 with sheep fed on pasture from areas very near to the military operations yards in which bombs containing depleted uranium were used during 1991 war. These areas were:Safwan, Zubair, North Rumaila, tanks grave yards and Sanam Mountain. 18 samples were collected from sheep grazed in these areas Tow methods were used to measure the Radioactive nucleosides in the blood; Lyoluminescence and Track detectors methods, so that blood samples were divided into radiated and non radiated. Results of the hematological evaluation showed no significant difference between radiated and non radiated samples in Hb, PCY, and RBC. Insignificant increase was noticed in total and differential leukocytes of radiated blood samples-The biochemical parameters were also insignificantly changed in radiated blood samples as compared with those obtained from non radiated animals. These includes; total protein, cholesterol .Blood serum enzymes showed significant decreased in Aspartate aminotrasferase (AST) , while no such changes were observed in, Alaninaminotransferase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphates (ALP)

Oral carbohydrate administration tests were used to gain more insight into the ability of common carp Cyprinus Carpio to digest different sources of carbohydrates. Four carbohyd- rates were administered orally after the common carp were fasted for 24h. Blood was sampled from fish at selected time intervals from 1 to 4h. Higher blood glucose level(p

This study was done to find out the effect of seasonal variations on the hematological and blood biochemical parameters of local cattle raised in Maysan Governorate. A number of 40 healthy cows were selected for the study during winter and summer seasons, blood samples were collected in each of the two seasons and were analyzed for some hematological and biochemical parameters. The results in the winter season showed significantly higher values of Mean Corpuscular Volume, glucose, total protein, albumin, globulin, bilirubin and creatinine but lower values of total white blood cells count, differential leukocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, AST and ALT than that of the same animals during the summer season. However, no significant differences in the erythrocyte count, haematocrite between the two seasons were observed in the local cattle.

Trocarization was used for diagnosis of sheep sarcocystosis for the first time with current study by using human biopsy needle. The obtained samples exposed to recommended sarcocystosis diagnosis techniques ( Trichinoscopy, Post trichinoscopy drop examination , Peptic digestion method and histopathlogical method ) . Out of eleven biopsy samples ( taken from the oblique muscles of the left flank )Trichinoscopy was the less sensitive ( 7/11 ) , Post trichinoscopy drop examination ( 9/11 and lately the most efficient methods which are Peptic digestion ( 11/11) and histopathological method (3/3 ). The biopsy technique showed to be suitable for sarcocystosis diagnosis in sheep without any effects on the live of the animals which make it the preferable method for advance researchs.

Adenomyosis is a fairly frequent disorder adult she Buffalo characterized by the haphazard location of endometrial glands and stroma deep within the myometrium of the uterus. It was found in twenty she buffalo in Basrah governorate, suffering from repeated estrus and infertility. This study recorded the histopathological changes of this disease. This study showed that the endometrial glands are present mostly in myometrium which interfere the differentiation of the uterine cells in young female buffalo, the lesion also characterize by the fibrocytes as whorls pattern.

Due to an increase in the number of resistant bacterial strains that cause urinary tract infection (UTI), empirical treatment with the commonly prescribed antimicrobials might be inadequate. This prospective study was conducted on 252 adult patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infection aiming at optimizing the use of empirical antibacterial therapy through identification of the causative bacteria and studying their in vitro sensitivity patterns to 11 commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs. This study showed that gram negative bacteria were the most frequent cause of UTI accounting for 95.3% of cases, with strains of Escherichia coli alone responsible for 50% of all infections. The study also recorded an increase in the rate of infection caused by Klebsilla which was reported in 28.6% of cases. Combined drug therapy was not superior to single antimicrobial. Agumentin or Co- trimoxazole were effective against only 78.6% and 43.7% of the tested bacterial strains. Single drug treatment using the aminoglycoside, Amikacin (92.9% bacterial sensitivity rate) or the third generation cephalosporin, Cefotaxime (88.9% bacterial sensitivity rate) might be the first choice for injectable drug treatment and ciprofloxacin (81% bacterial sensitivity) for orai therapy. It is concluded that periodic reevaluation of bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance studies and needed for better empirical treatment of uncomplicated UTI through the avoidance of continuous bacterial resistance to such treatment.

The effect of hepatic glutathione (GSH) depletion and enzymes Induction on hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST’s) activity, biliary excretion of GSH cadmium, zinc was studied in rats. The GSH depletor Methyl Iodide did not Influence hepatic GST activity but depending on the substrate used , Phenobarbital benzopyeren increased it by 50-60% , 20-30% respectively GSH depletor decreased (60%) , benzopyrene did not effect Phenobarbital increase(90%) the transport of GSH into bile.The biliary excretion of cadmium and zinc was reduced by methyl iodide depletor (52-65%) and enhanced by Phenobarbital (99- 110)% . treatment with benzopyrene did not affect the excretion of zinc into bile ,but decreased that of cadmium, these result do not provide evidence for the role of hepatic GST but support the importance of biliary GSH excretion in the hepatobiliary transport of cadmium & zinc . It is assumed that Phenobarbital enhance the biliary excretion of metals by increasing the transport of GSH as a chemical complexation (cadmium-glutathione, zinc-glutathion) while the benzopyrene was less effect .