为了解山东省市售花生及其制品中黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）污染状况，评估其暴露水平及潜在的健康风险，并为有关部门采取控制措施提供依据，2015—2020年于山东省16市生产环节、流通环节（农贸市场、商店）随机采集花生、花生酱、花生油共计246份样品，采用高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法测定其AFB1含量，计算AFB1平均膳食暴露量和暴露限值（MOE），评估山东省市售花生及其制品中AFB1膳食暴露风险。结果表明，花生及其制品中AFB1总检出率为28.46%，不合格率为7.72%。花生酱和花生油中AFB1检出率显著高于花生；散装花生酱、花生油中AFB1检出率显著高于预包装产品；一般消费居民通过花生、花生酱和花生油AFB1平均膳食暴露量分别为0.01、061、1.09 ng/（kg·d），肝癌发病风险分别为0.000、0.019、0.034例/10万人，其MOE分别为30 500、500和280；高消费居民通过花生、花生酱和花生油AFB1平均膳食暴露量分别为0.23、664、8.90 ng/（kg·d），肝癌发病风险分别为0.007、0.205、0.274例/10万人，其MOE分别为1 326、46和34。严格执行限量标准后经花生酱和花生油AFB1平均膳食暴露量、肝癌发病风险降幅均达50%以上。为了更大限度地保护人群健康，有必要采取有效的监管和风险管理措施控制山东省市售花生及其制品中AFB1含量，特别是散装花生酱和花生油。 To investigate the contamination status of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in peanut and its products sold in Shandong province, evaluate its exposure level and health risk, and provide basis for relevant departments to take control measures, a total of 246 peanuts，peanut butter and peanut oil were randomly collected from production and circulation links (farmers′markets and stores) in 16 cities of Shandong province from 2015 to 2020. The contents of AFB1 in peanut and its products were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-post-column derivatization method,and mean dietary exposure and margin of exposure (MOE) were calculated to evaluate the dietary exposure risk of residents to AFB1 through peanut and its products sold in Shandong province. The results showed that the total detection rate of AFB1 in peanut and its products was 28.46% and the unqualified rate was 772%. The detection rate of AFB1 in peanut butter and peanut oil was significantly higher than that in peanut. The detection rate of AFB1 in bulk peanut butter and peanut oil was significantly higher than that in pre-packing products. The AFB1 exposure of general consumption residents through peanut, peanut butter and peanut oil were 0.01, 0.61 ng/（kg·d）and 1.09 ng/（kg·d）, the risk of liver cancer were 0.000, 0.019 and 0.034 cases per 100 000 people, and the MOE values were 30 500, 500 and 280, respectively. The AFB1 exposure of high consumption residents through peanut, peanut butter and peanut oil were 0.23, 6.64 ng/（kg·d）and 8.90 ng/（kg·d）, respectively, the risk of liver cancer were 0.007, 0.205 and 0.274 cases per 100 000 people, and the MOE values were 1 326, 46 and 34, respectively. After strict implementation of the limit standard, AFB1 exposure and the risk of liver cancer were reduced by more than 50%. For greater protection of population health, it is necessary to take effective regulatory and risk management measures to control the AFB1 content in peanut and its products sold in Shandong province, especially in bulk peanut butter and peanut oil.

为降低泰安市居民黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)的膳食摄入风险，指导消费者购买安全食品提供依据，随机采集2021年泰安市各县市区内小麦粉、大米、谷物加工品、玉米粉、玉米油、花生油、坚果炒货等粮油食品共计553份，采用高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法对其AFB1含量进行检测，并采用暴露限值（MOE）法和数学模型法对不同种类、不同来源、不同地区、不同人群粮油食品AFB1膳食暴露水平进行评估。结果表明：泰安市粮油食品中AFB1总检出率分别为2.53%，平均含量为0.73 μg/kg，总不合格率为0.72%；高新区、新泰市、宁阳县3个县市区小作坊、小食杂店，餐饮店，小型超市购进的花生油与玉米粉中AFB1检出率较高；泰安市粮油食品AFB1暴露量为3.90 ng/（kg·d），MOE为103，AFB1致肝癌发病风险为0.084 2 例/（10万人·年）；玉米粉、小麦粉、花生油中AFB1膳食暴露风险较高，高新区、新泰市、宁阳县3个县市区小作坊、小食杂店，餐饮店粮油食品中AFB1膳食暴露风险较高；不同人群粮油食品中AFB1膳食暴露风险差别不大。综上，泰安市粮油食品中AFB1膳食暴露风险较高，仍需持续关注，有关部门应加强监管力度。 To reduce the dietary intake risk of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in Tai′an and provide a basis for guiding consumers to purchase safe food, a total of 553 samples of wheat flour, rice, processed cereals, corn flour, corn oil, peanut oil, and roasted nuts were randomly collected from various administrative areas of Tai′an in 2021, and the content of AFB1 was accurately detected by high performance liquid chromatography-post-column derivation method. The dietary exposure levels of AFB1 in different types, sources, regions and populations of grain and oil product were evaluated using the exposure limit method(MOE) and mathematical modeling method. The results showed that the total detection rate of AFB1 was 2.53%, the average content was 0.73 μg/kg, and the total unqualified rate was 0.72%. The detection rates of AFB1 in the peanut oil and the corn flour purchased by small workshops, small grocery stores, restaurants and small supermarkets in High-tech District, Xintai city and Ningyang county were higher. The exposure amount of AFB1 in grain and oil product in Tai′an was 3.90 ng/ (kg·d), the MOE was 103, and the risk of liver cancer caused by AFB1 was 0.084 2cases/(100 000 people-years). The dietary exposure risk of AFB1 in corn flour, wheat flour and peanut oil was high, and as well as the grain and oil product from the small workshops, small grocery stores, restaurants of High-tech district, Xintai city, Ningyang county. The dietary exposure risk of AFB1 in different populations had no obvious differences. In conclusion, the dietary exposure risk of AFB1 in grain and oil product in Tai′an is high, and still needs continuous attention and supervision by the relevant authorities.