A mixed suspension of microorganisms containing at least 7 tentatively identified genera was derived from a liquid mixture of soil and IPC. This suspension, when applied to nonsterile greenhouse soil flats, markedly reduced or eliminated the toxicity of the phenylcarbamates IPC, CIPC, and Swep to several test plant species. The suspension of microorganisms was effective in the soil for between 2 and 3 months. These findings have implications for the degradation of chemicals resistent to the native soil population.

Se hace una revisión de todos los microorganismos o parásitos reportados de los murciélagos, los cuales pueden infectar al hombre o a los animales domésticos. Los resultados obtenidos por los autores a partir del examen de cerca de 20000 murciélagos colombianos son incluidos. Las referencias que muestran infecciones experimentales de murciélagos con organismos patógenos para el hombre o los animales domésticos también son mencionadas. Todos los Arbovirus, Salmonella, Spirochaeta, y Leptospira evidenciados en los murciélagos se incluyen en la lista, debido a que ellos son considerados patógenos potenciales, o por que los anticuerpos contra estos microorganismos, pueden ocurrir en el hombre o los animales domésticos. | A revision of the literature was made concerning the microorganisms and parasites recovered from bats, which may infect man or domestic animals. The microorganisms and parasites recovered from 20.600 Colombian bats, examined by the authors, are included. References regarding experimental infections of bats which organisms pathogenic for man or domestic animals are also reported. The Arbo viruses Salmonella, spp., Spirochaeta, spp., Leptospira spp. reported from bats have been listed, because they are considered to be potential patthogens, or because antibodies against these microorganisms can be expected to occur in man or in domestic animals. | Published | Bats

Provides FDA laboratories with effective methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of microorganisms and certain of their metabolic products. The manual also provides a mechanism for informing other government agencies, industry and others of the bacteriological analytical methods commonly used in FDA laboratories for the examination of foods.

De ambos lados de la carretera que pasa por la Isla de Salamanca se tomaron muestras de suelo. El contenido de cloruro, nitrógeno y carbono fue mayor en las muestras del lado de la Ciénaga que en las del lado del mar. Con relación a la cantidad de carbono y microorganismos, la producción de CO2 y ammonificación fueron mayores en las muestras del lado del mar. La cantidad de microorganismos parece depender directamente de la cantidad de cloruro en la muestra respectiva. | Soil samples were taken from both sides of the road which passes through the Isla de Salamanca. The amount of chloride, nitrogen and carbon were larger in the samples from the sea-side than in the samples from the side of the Ciénaga (inland water). In relation to the amount of carbon and microorganisms present, the production of CO2 and ammonification were higher in the samples from the sea-side. The abundance of microorganisms appears to be directly dependent from the amount of chlorides present in the soil. | Published | Soil Science

Isolates of Helminthosporium maydis from blighted corn were tested for toxicity in mice, rats, swine, rabbits, microorganisms, and tissue culture. Extracts of grains, mycelia, and culture supernatant fluids killed mice on intraperitoneal (ip) injection, but were nontoxic on administration by mouth to swine. The toxin was partially purified and appears to be a glycophospholipid. Histopathological examination revealed that the toxin acted as a severe irritant on ip injection, causing death in laboratory animals. In skin tests with rabbits, considerable exudation occurred, rather than necrosis.

The role of micro-organisms in the working of the aquatic ecosystem is fundamental. Through their chemo/photo synthesis and decomposition of organic substances, they contribute both to the availability of particulate organic matter and also to the circulation of nutrients. In recent years, their importance as food for zooplankton has been more clearly recognised, especially in the Soviet Union. Without an assessment of aquatic microorganisms, the full problem of production in a lake cannot be grasped. This book is based on an international meeting of micro-biologists in Leningrad in 1969, and is an attempt to collate and describe the most important methods in this field.

A one year study (Oct 1965 to Sept 1966) was conducted on physico-chemical aspects and microbiological factors (total heterotrophic flora and sulfate-reducting flora) of the North Lake basin, Tunid Lake. A close relationship between the relative rates of weather conditions and physicochemical factors is shown to influence the production of reducing bacterial blooms and putrefaction within the lake. Bacterial blooms are additionally influenced by the quality and amount of organic matter. The author has emphasized the interrelated factors of weather nutrient factors and hydrology as the trilogy in the production of H Sub(2)S-producting blooms of bacteria. Production of hydrogen sulfide marks the point where 'red tide' is noticed, followed by mass microorganisms in the lake. Remove | Published

Microorganisms capable of metabolizing the detran B-512F were isolated from a Webster clay loam soil. Suspension of cells were added to polysaccharide solutions or suspensions of clay-polysaccharide complexes in Warburg respirometers. Oxygen uptake curves, divided into three stages, indicated that the dextran was partially protected in the presence of clay. Rates of oxygen uptake in stage I (1 to 3 hours) were much higher for the systems with dextran alone than for those containing clay-dextran complexes. Rates for stages II (4 to 6 hours) and III (7 to 48 hours) were about equal for systems containing the same amount of dextran. The uptake rate in the first stage indicated a linear relationship to the amount of clay present, while the second stage was related to the amount of dextran initially present.

To relate basal nutrients in the water and on the bottom of a warm, fresh water stream to their ability to support growth and multiplication of pathogenic and nonpathogenic enteric bacteria, three studies were designed including a river water quality analysis, respiration experiments, and continuous culture experiments. The presence of coliform bacteria primarily not producing intestinal disease, serves as indicators for potentially infectious microorganisms. Any growth by either coliform bacterial group or the disease producing organisms in the natural aquatic environment could significantly alter our present concepts of detection and surveillance of these organisms. Tests in detecting and analyzing polluted waters, and from levels of the self-purification potential, showed that Oconee River, a typically non-polluted stream of the North Georgia piedmont, is capable of supporting bacterial growth including coliforms.

Short, frequent cycles of flooding soil columns (2 days flooded and 5 days dry) with secondary sewage effluent caused no net removal of N but transformed almost all of the N to nitrate. The net N removal during longer cycles (9–23 days flooded and 5 days dry) was 30%, and half of the N remaining in the water was concentrated into a wave of high-nitrate water, which represented 10% of the total volume of reclaimed water and was collected immediately after the dry period. Water collected from the columns after the wave of high-nitrate water passed contained 67% less N than the incoming sewage water. Alternate flooding and drying periods were necessary for consistent N removal. The net N removal was probably due to a combination of several reactions dominated by denitrification. Cation exchange was important in holding NH₄⁺ in the soil until it could be nitrified, thereby concentrating N into smaller volumes of high-nitrate water. Denitrification is the logical reaction to investigate for higher net N removal because the soil microorganisms nitrified most of the NH⁴₊ and N can be removed from the system as an inert gas by denitrification.